2-Amino-3,5,disubstituted-4-halothiophenes and processes for the synthesis thereof

ABSTRACT

Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R, R 1  and R 2  are as defined in the specification and R 3  is amino or --N═N--K, wherein K is a coupling component radical. The compounds wherein R 3  is --N═N--K are useful as disperse dyes, and those wherein it is amino are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of those wherein it is --N═N--K.

This is a division of application Ser. No. 07/495,517, filed Mar. 19, 1990 and now U.S. Pat. No. 5,132,411, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 07/157,441, filed Feb. 17, 1988 and now abandoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 06/920,818, filed Oct. 17, 1986 and now abandoned, which, in turn, is a continuation of application Ser. No. 06/771,277, filed Aug. 30, 1985 and now abandoned.

The invention relates to thiophene-ring-containing compounds useful as disperse dyes or for preparing disperse dyes.

According to the invention there is provided compounds of formula I ##STR2## in which R is halogen,

R₁ is cyano, C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₃₋₆ alkenyloxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulphonyl, phenylsulphonyl, C₁₋₄ alkyl- or phenyl-carbonyl, phenyl-, mono-C₁₋₄ alkyl- or di-C₁₋₄ alkyl-aminocarbonyl or benzyloxycarbonyl;

R₂ is formyl, cyano, --CH═C(R₄)₂ or --CH═N--OH; and

R₃ is --N═N--K or --NH₂ ;

wherein K is a coupling component radical;

each R₄ independently is cyano, C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₃₋₆ alkenyloxycarbonyl or C₃₋₆ alkynyloxycarbonyl; or one R₄ is cyano and the other R₄ is benzoyl unsubstituted or monosubstituted by C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulphonyl, phenylsulphonyl or aminocarbonyl unsubstituted or monosubstituted by C₁₋₄ alkyl or phenyl; or one R₄ is hydrogen and the other R₄ is benzoyl unsubstituted or monosubstituted by C₁₋₂ alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C₁₋₄ alkyl or --NO₂ ; C₁₋₄ alkylcarbonyl or C₃₋₆ alkenylcarbonyl; or one R₄ is nitro and the other R₄ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.

In R₁ and R₄ any alkoxycarbonyl, alkenyloxycarbonyl, phenoxyalkylcarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, alkylsulphonyl, phenylsulphonyl or alkynyloxycarbonyl is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from Cl, Br, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano and acyl, for example ##STR3## preferably not more than 1, unless indicated to the contrary. Preferably, any such group is unsubstituted, unless indicated to the contrary.

For the avoidance of doubt, any group capable of being linear or branched is linear or branched unless indicated to the contrary.

In this specification, halogen is chloro or bromo, more preferably chloro.

Preferably any alkyl group is C₁₋₂ alkyl.

Preferably any alkenyl group is C₃₋₄ alkenyl.

Preferably any alkoxy group is C₁₋₂ alkoxy.

Preferably any alkynyl group is C₃₋₄ alkynyl.

In the compounds of formula I preferably R₁ is R₁ ', where R₁ ' is cyano, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl, C₃₋₄ alkenyloxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₂₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, monoC₁₋₄ alkylaminocarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulphonyl or phenylsulphonyl. More preferably R₁ is R₁ ", where R₁ " is cyano, C₁₋₂ alkoxycarbonyl, monoC₁₋₂ alkylaminocarbonyl, C₁₋₂ alkylsulphonyl or phenylsulphonyl. Most preferably R₁ is R₁ '", where R₁ '" is cyano or C₁₋₂ alkoxycarbonyl.

R₂ is preferably R₂ ', where R₂ ' is formyl cyano, --CH═C(R₄ ')₂, where each R₄ ' independently is cyano, C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₃₋₆ alkenyloxycarbonyl or (2-C₁₋₄ alkoxyethoxy)carbonyl or one R₄ ' is nitro and the other R₄ ' is hydrogen. More preferably R₂ is R₂ ", where R₂ " is formyl or cyano. Most preferably R₂ is formyl.

R₄ is preferably R₄ ' defined above, more preferably R₄ ", where one R₄ " is cyano and the other R₄ " is C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl.

K is preferably K', where K' is a coupling component radical of the aniline, α-naphthylamine, pyrazole, aminopyrazole, indole, tetrahydroquinoline, thiazole, phenol, naphthol, benzomorpholine or pyridine series. More preferably K is K"; where K" is a group of formula a ##STR4## in which R₅ is hydrogen; C₁₋₂ alkyl; C₁₋₂ alkoxy; formylamino; C₁₋₄ alkylcarbonylamino in which the alkyl group is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by hydroxy, chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, phenyl, phenoxy, benzyloxy, (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)carbonyl (preferably by other than (C₁₋₂ alkyl)carbonyloxy); or C₁₋₂ alkoxycarbonyl; benzoylamino; acryloylamino; aminocarbonylamino; C₁₋₄ alkylaminocarbonylamino; C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonylamino in which the alkoxy group is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by C₁₋₂ alkoxy or phenyl; C₁₋₂ alkyl- or phenyl-sulphonylamino; di-(C₁₋₂ alkyl)aminosulphonylamino; fluoro; chloro or bromo;

R₆ is hydrogen fluoro, chloro, bromo, C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy or C₁₋₂ alkoxy)ethoxy, provided that when R₅ is fluoro, chloro or bromo, R₆ is other than fluoro, chloro and bromo;

R₇ is hydrogen; C₁₋₁₀ alkyl; C₂₋₁₀ alkyl monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, hydroxyl, cyclohexyl, --SCN, cyano, C₁₋₄ alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl, formyloxy, C₁₋₁₀ alkylcarbonyloxy, chloro- or bromo- C₁₋₃ alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₁₀ alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₁₋₂ alkoxyethoxycarbonyloxy, C₃₋₄ alkenyloxycarbonyl, chloro- or bromo-allyloxycarbonyl, C₃₋₄ alkenyloxy, chloro- or bromo- allyloxy, C₃₋₄ alkynyloxy, benzoyloxy, benzyloxy, C₁₋₁₀ alkoxy, phenyl ,phenoxy, phenyl(C₁₋₄ alkoxy), (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)ethoxycarbonyl or benzyloxycarbonyl (preferably by other than benzyloxy); C₂₋₁₀ alkyl disubstituted by chloro, bromo, hydroxy, formyloxy, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyloxy, chloro- or bromo-(C₁₋₃ alkyl)carbonyloxy, (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyloxy, (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)ethoxycarbonyloxy chloro- or bromo-allyloxycarbonyl, C₃₋₄ alkynyloxy or (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)ethoxycarbonyl; C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₂₋₆ alkyl in which the alkyl moiety of the alkoxy is monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, cyano, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyloxy or C₁₋₄ alkylcarbonyloxy; β-(C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonylmethoxycarbonyl)ethyl; C₃₋₄ alkenyl, unsubstituted or monosubstituted by phenyl, chloro or bromo; propynyl; C₅₋₇ cycloalkyl; cyclohexyl mono-, di- or tri-substituted by methyl; phenyl, unsubstituted or monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, nitro or C₁₋₄ alkoxy or mono-, di- or tri-substituted by methyl; or β-hydroxypropyl monosubstituted by γ-C₁₋₄ alkoxy, γ-C₃₋₄ alkenyloxy or γ-phenoxy; and

R₈ is hydrogen; C₁₋₁₀ alkyl; C₂₋₁₀ alkyl monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, hydroxy, cyano, --SCN, C₁₋₁₀ alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₁₀ alkoxycarbonyl, formyloxy, C₁₋₁₀ alkylcarbonyloxy, chloro- or bromo-C₁₋₄ alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₁₀ alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₁₋₂ alkoxyethoxycarbonyloxy, C₃₋₄ alkenyloxycarbonyl, chloro- or bromo-allyloxycarbonyl, C₃₋₄ alkenyloxy, chloro- or bromo-allyloxy, C₃₋₄ alkynyloxy, benzoyloxy, benzyloxy, C₁₋₁₀ alkoxy, phenyl, phenoxy, phenyl-(C₁₋₄ alkoxy), aminocarbonyl, mono-C₁₋₄ alkyl- or di-(C₁₋₄ alkyl)aminocarbonyl, mono-C₁₋₄ alkyl- or di-(C₁₋₄ alkyl)aminocarbonyloxy, phenylaminocarbonyl, phenylaminocarbonyloxy, phthalimidyl-2, succinimidyl-2, saccharinyl-2, pyridyl, benzothiazolyl-2-mercapto, (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)ethoxycarbonyl or benzyloxycarbonyl (preferably by other than benzyloxy) C₂₋₁₀ alkyl disubstituted by chloro, bromo, hydroxy, formyloxy, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyloxy, chloro- or bromo-(C₁₋₃ alkyl)carbonyloxy, (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyloxy, (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)ethoxycarbonyloxy, chloro- or bromo-allyloxycarbonyl, C₃₋₄ alkynyloxy or (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)ethoxycarbonyl; C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, in which the alkyl moiety of the alkoxy is monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, cyano, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyloxy or C₁₋₄ alkylcarbonyloxy; or C₃₋₄ alkenyl unsubstituted or monosubstituted by phenyl, chloro or bromo; or

R₇ and R₈ together with the N-atom to which they are attached form unsubstituted piperidine or unsubstituted morpholine;

or K" is a group of formula b, c, d or e ##STR5## where R₉ is hydrogen, C₁₋₄ alkyl or phenyl unsubstituted or mono- or di-substituted by methyl, methoxy or chloro, and

R₅, R₇ and R₈ are as defined above.

When any significance of R₇, R₈ or R₉ bears two substituents, they may be the same or different.

Preferably R₅ is R₅ ', where R₅ ' is hydrogen, C₁₋₂ alkyl or C₁₋₂ alkylcarbonylamino; more preferably R₅ is R₅ ", where R₅ " is hydrogen, methyl or acetylamino.

Preferably R₆ is R₆ ', where R₆ ' is hydrogen or C₁₋₂ alkoxy.

Preferably R₇ is R₇ ', where R₇ ' is C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy(C₂₋₄ alkyl), C₃₋₄ alkenyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkylcarbonyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonylC₂₋₄ alkyl, allyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxycarbonyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl or phenoxyC₂₋₄ alkyl; more preferably R₇ is R₇ ", where R₇ " is C₂₋₄ alkyl, 2-C₁₋₂ alkoxyethyl or allyl.

Preferably, in R₇ and R₈ any hydroxy, thiocyano cyano, acyloxy (e.g., formyloxy, alkylcarbonyloxy and alkoxyethoxycarbonyloxy), alkenyloxy, haloallyloxy, alkynyloxy, alkoxy, phenoxy or substituted alkoxy (e.g. phenylalkoxy and chloroalkoxy) on an alkyl group or moiety attached to a nitrogen or oxygen atom is in other than the 1-position thereof and no two such substituents are attached to a single carbon atom. More preferably, any other non-hydrocarbyl substituent is also in other than the 1-position.

Preferably R₈ is R₈ ', where R₈ ' is hydrogen, C₂₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₄ alkenyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, allyl, hydroxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxycarbonyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl or C₁₋₂ alkylcarbonyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl; more preferably R₈ is R₈ ", where R₈ " is hydrogen, C₂₋₄ alkyl, 2-hydroxyC₂₋₄ alkyl or allyl.

In R₇ ' and R₈ ' any C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₃₋₄ alkenyloxy, (C₁₋₂ alkyl)carbonyloxy, (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)carbonyloxy, phenoxy or hydroxy substituent on a C₂₋₄ alkyl group is in other than the 1-position. Preferably, any other substituent on a C₂₋₄ alkyl group is also in other than the 1-position.

Preferably, in R₇, R₇ ', R₈ and R₈ ' the double or triple bond of any alkenyl or alkynyl group attached to a nitrogen or oxygen atom is in other than the 1-position.

Preferably K" is a group of formula a defined above.

More preferably K is K'", where K'" is a group of formula a' ##STR6## in which R_(5a) ' is hydrogen, C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkylcarbonylamino unsubstituted or monosubstituted by C₁₋₄ alkoxy or chloro, or C₂₋₄ alkenylcarbonylamino;

R₆ ' is hydrogen or C₁₋₂ alkoxy;

R_(7a) ' is C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy(C₂₋₄ alkyl), C₃₋₄ alkenyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkylcarbonyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonylC₂₋₄ alkyl, allyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxycarbonyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, benzyloxy-C₂₋₄ alkyl or phenoxy(C₂₋₄ alkyl); and

R_(8a) ' is hydrogen, C₂₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₄ alkenyloxy(C₂₋₄ alkyl), allyl, hydroxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxycarbonyloxy-C₂₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkylcarbonyloxyC₂₋₄ alkyl, phenyl(C₁₋₃ alkyl), γ-C₃₋₄ alkenyloxy-β-hydroxypropyl or γ-phenoxy-β-hydroxypropyl.

Most preferably K is K"", where K"" is 2-methyl-4-(N,N-di-C₂₋₄ alkylamino)phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N-ethyl-N-γ-ethoxycarbonylpropylamino)phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N-ethyl-N-γ-phenoxypropylamino)phenyl, 2-acetylamino-4-(N-β-ethoxycarbonylethylamino)-5-ethoxyphenyl, 2-acetylamino-4-(N-ethyl-N-allyl-amino)-5-ethoxyphenyl; 2-methyl-4-(N-ethyl, N-β-hydroxybutylamino)phenyl, 2-acetylamino-4-(N,N-di-C₂₋₃ alkylamino)phenyl, 2-acetylamino-4-(N,N-di-C₂₋₄ alkylamino)-5-C₁₋₂ alkoxyphenyl, 2-C₁₋₂ alkoxyacetylamino-4-(N,N-di-C₂₋₃ alkylamino)phenyl, 2-acetylamino-4-(N-ethyl-N-ethoxycarbonylethylamino)-5-methoxyphenyl; 2-acetylamino-4-(N-1'-chloroallyl-N-ethoxycarbonylethylamino)-5-methoxyphenyl; 2-acryloylamino-4-(N,N-dipropylamino)phenyl, 2-benzoylamino-4-(N,N-di(β-methoxyethylamino)phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N,N-di-4'-acetoxy-n-butylamino)phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N-ethyl-N-4'-acetoxy-n-butylamino)phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N-ethyl-N-β-benzyloxyethylamino)-phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N-ethyl-N-β-hydroxy-γ-allyloxypropylamino)phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N-ethyl-N-β-hydroxy-γ-phenoxypropylamino)phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N,N-di-γ-ethoxycarbonylpropylamino)phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N-ethyl-N-γ-cyanopropylamino)phenyl, 2-methyl-4-(N-methyl-N-γ-phenylpropylamino)phenyl, (especially the first eight significances).

Preferred compounds of formula I are those of formula II or III ##STR7## more preferably of formula III.

Preferred compounds of formula III are of formula III ' ##STR8##

The more preferred compounds of formula III are of formula III" ##STR9## where K"" is defined above.

Compounds of formula I in which R₃ is --N═N--K can be prepared by coupling to a diazotised compound of formula I where R₃ is --NH₂ a compound of formula V

    H--K                                                       (V)

where the symbols are as defined above.

Compounds of formula I in which R₃ is --NH₂ can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula VI ##STR10## in which R₁ is defined above and R₁₀ is a primary amino group, --NHCHO or --NHCOC₁₋₄ alkyl, with a Vilsmeier reagent to form a compound of formula VII ##STR11## followed by hydrolysis of R₁₀ to form --NH₂ and optional conversion of the formyl group to any of the other significances of R₂.

Preferably the Vilsmeier reagent is the reaction product of phosphorus oxychloride and dimethylformamide in which case the compound of formula VII formed is of the formula ##STR12## which is then hydrolysed in acid or basic medium to a compound of formula I in which R₂ is formyl and R₃ is --NH₂.

Compounds of formulae V and VI are known or may be made by known methods from known compounds. Vilsmeier reagents are also known.

Conversion of the formyl group to another significance of R₂ in formula I can be carried out conventionally, for example by condensation with hydroxylamine and optional acylation on the oxygen alone whilst forming the nitrile group or reaction according to the Knoevenagel or Perkin reaction.

It is particularly preferred that the compounds of formula I contain no water-solubilizing groups.

The compounds of formula I in which R₃ is --N═N--K will hereinafter be referred to as the dyes of formula I. They are excellent disperse dyes.

The dyes of formula I can be worked up into dyeing preparations in known ways, for example by milling in the presence of dispersing agent or filling material. The preparation so produced (which may be dried in vacuum or by spray-drying) can be used in a long or short dyebath for dyeing, padling or printing material.

The dyes of the invention exhaust onto synthetic or semi-synthetic hydrophobic high molecular weight textile material very well from an aqueous suspension. The dyes of the invention are particularly useful for dyeing, padding or printing textile material made from linear aromatic polyester, cellulose 21/2 acetate, cellulose triacetate or synthetic polyamide.

Dyeing, printing or padding can be carried out by known methods, in particular according to the methods described in UK Patent 1,114,433.

The resulting dyeings have good fastness properties, in particular good light fastness, good thermofixation, good sublimation fastness and good fastness to pleating.

Many of the azo compounds of formula I, in particular those in which R₁ is cyano, have an additional advantage over the known thiophene-2-azo disperse dyes in that they give brillant neutral to greenish blue-coloured dyeings having attractive hues comparable with the expensive anthraquinone dyes. In these azo compounds, halogen (especially chlorine) as the substituent R produces a surprisingly large bathochromic shift in comparison to the known thiophene-2-azodisperse dyes with hydrogen or alkyl as the substituent R in the same position. The dyeings of azo compounds of formula I in which R is halogen (especially chlorine) are also characterised by a favorable behavior under artificial light, which is a clear advantage compared with a dyeing (same hue under daylight) of the known thiophene-2 azo dyes in which R is methyl or hydrogen; these latter dyeings are characterized by a strong undesired red shift under artifical light.

The invention will now be illustrated by the following Examples in which all parts and percentages are by weight and all temperatures are in °C.

EXAMPLE 1

37.5 Parts of 2-amino-3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrothiophene (described in J. Org. Chem. 38 (20), 3615 (1973)) are dissolved in 152 parts of dimethylformamide, cooled to -10° C. and to this solution 90 parts of phosphorus oxychloride are added whilst stirring well. This mixture is heated to 70° and allowed to cool and is then poured onto 500 parts of ice water. The temperature of the mixture rises to 40° C. The mixture is stirred for 1/2 hour cooled to 5° C., and filtered and the residue is washed with a little ice water. The resulting compound is 2-dimethylaminomethylimino-3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-chloro-5-formylthiophene, m.p. 197° C. The product is suspended in 500 parts of water and 25 parts of 85% phosphoric acid are added together with 395 parts of ethyl alcohol and 60 parts of 30% sodium hydroxide. Over two hours and whilst stirring the temperature of the suspension is raised to 65°-70° C. and the pH is maintained at 9 by addition of sodium carbonate. This is then diluted with 300 parts of ice water and the pH is brought to 6.5 by the slow addition of 30% HCl (about 23 parts). 2-Amino-3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-chloro-5-formylthiophene precipitates, m.p. 176°-178°. The product is filtered and washed with a little ice-water. The pure product is recrystallised from ethanol/water, m.p. 180° C.

By reacting the 5-formyl compound with a methylene active compound, derivatives of this product can be produced by known methods.

EXAMPLE 2

a) 122 Parts of 1,1-dicyano-2-methoxypropene together with 32 parts of sulphur powder are suspended in 300 parts of N,N-di-methylformamide, cooled to about 10° and 52 parts of triethylamine are added dropwise over 30 minutes whilst stirring. The temperature of the reaction mixture is allowed to rise to room temperature (25°) and the solution of 2-amino-3-cyano-4-methoxythiophene so formed is poured after stirring for 3 to 4 hours onto 500 g of ice and 150 parts of conc. hydrochloric acid. The mixture that results is stirred 1 to 2 hours and is filtered; the product is 2-amino-3-cyano-4,5-dihydrothiophene-4-one. This is washed with water and then dried.

b) 70 Parts of the product prepared in a) above is dissolved in 400 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide and 230 g of phosphorus oxychloride is added, dropwise over 15 minutes at 5°. Whilst stirring, the reaction temperature is allowed to rise and the mixture is heated to 70° and after 3 to 4 hours is poured onto 1000 parts of ice. Finally, the mixture is neutralised to a pH of about 6 by adding about 450 parts of 25% ammonia and the product 2-(N,N-dimethylformamidino)-3-cyano-4-chloro-5-formylthiophene, m.p. 183° to 188°, is filtered off. The product is recrystallised from acetonitrile, m.p. 191.5° to 193° C.

c) 24.15 Parts of 2-(N,N-dimethylformamidino)-3-cyano-4-chloro-5-formylthiophene are suspended in 100 parts of 50% formic acid. 1 Part of ammonium sulphate is added and the mixture is boiled under reflux for about 5 hours. The mixture is allowed to cool and the product, 2-amino-3-cyano-4-chloro-5-formylthiophene, is filtered off. The amine, without further purifying, is diazotised (as described in Example 16) and coupled. The pure product is recrystallised from a mixture of ethanol and water 267° to 269°.

By condensation of the 5-formyl group by known methods (i.e. Knoevenagel reaction, oxime formation and dehydration) derivatives of this compound can be made. Formation of derivatives can be done when the azo compound has already been formed (as described in Example 17).

EXAMPLES 3 To 15

Compounds of the formula ##STR13## in which R₁ and R₂ are defined in Table 1 below, can be formed analogously to the method of Example 1 or 2 from suitable reactants.

                  TABLE 1                                                          ______________________________________                                         EX.                                                                            No.  R.sub.2              R.sub.1                                              ______________________________________                                          3   CHO                  COOCH.sub.3                                           4   "                    COOC.sub.4 H.sub.9                                    5   "                    COOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                        6   "                    COOCH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5                           7   "                    SO.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5                              8                                                                                   ##STR14##           CN                                                    9                                                                                   ##STR15##           "                                                    10   CHO                  CONH-n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                               11   CN                   CN                                                   12   "                    COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                   13                                                                                   ##STR16##           CN                                                   14                                                                                   ##STR17##           "                                                    15                                                                                   ##STR18##           "                                                    ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 16

23.5 Parts of 2-amino-3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-chloro-5-formylthiophene are dissolved in a mixture of 400 parts acetic acid, 100 parts of propionic acid and 85 parts of phosphoric acid at 30°, then cooled to -5° and at this temperature reacted with 7.0 parts of sodium nitrite (in the form of a 4N solution) at this temperature. A brown solution results. This is stirred for about 2 hours. To this diazonium salt solution a mixture of 18 parts of N,N-diethylaminometa-toluidine, 6 parts of aminosulphonic acid, 10 parts of glacial acetic acid and 50 parts of water is very slowly added whilst stirring and the pH of the mixture is kept at 3.5 to 4 by the addition of 30% NaOH solution. The resulting blue-grey dyestuff suspension is then stirred for a further 2 hours, filtered and the residue is washed with 100 parts of 10% acetic acid followed by 100 parts of water and dried under vacuum at 50° C. The resulting dyestuff is a compound of formula 16a ##STR19## and dyes polyester material a blue-violet tone.

EXAMPLE 17

21.3 Parts of the product of formula 16a are dissolved in 150 parts of dioxane at room temperature and are then reacted with 28 parts of cyanoacetic acid methoxyethyl ester followed by a mixture of 2 parts piperidine and 2 parts of glacial acetic acid. After stirring for 20 hours at 25°-30°, no starting material can be detected by thin layer chromatography.

After addition of water, the product precipitates and is filtered, washed with 100 parts of water and vacuum dried at 50°. Using a silica gel column chromatograph, a purified compound of formula 17a ##STR20## results, m.p. 135°-136°.

EXAMPLE 18

a) 18.6 Parts of 2-amino-3-cyano-4-chloro-5-formylthiophene are dissolved in 200 parts of 85% phosphoric acid. Whilst stirring, 33 parts of 40% nitrosylsulphuric acid are added dropwise and the mixture is stirred for 3 hours at about 0°.

The resulting brown diazonium salt solution is added part by part whilst stirring well to a solution of 20.6 parts of 3-(N,N-diethylamino)-1-acetanilide and 2 parts of aminosulphonic acid in 30 parts of 5% sulphuric acid. The coupling temperature of 0°-3° is achieved by external cooling and the addition of about 200 parts of ice. The resulting dyestuff is stirred for 1-2 hours, filtered, washed with about 300 parts of water and dried under vacuum. The resulting product is a compound of formula 18a ##STR21## which dyes polyester blue tones and has good fastness properties. b) Instead of using 3-(N,N-diethylamino)-1-acetanilide as the coupling component in the method of Example 18 a) above, a mixture of 3-(N,N-di-C₂₋₄ alkylamino)-1-acetanilide (prepared by mixed alkylation of 3-amino-1-acetanilide) is used. A dyestuff mixture of the formula 18b) ##STR22## results. In Mixture b)1) the alkyl groups are ethyl and n-propyl and in Mixture b)2) they are ethyl and n-butyl, the molar ratio of the two alkyl groups in each mixture being 1:1.

EXAMPLES 19 To 137

Compounds of the formula ##STR23## in which the symbols are defined in Table 2 below, can be prepared by a method analogous to Examples 16, 17 and 18 from suitable reactants.

    TABLE 2                                                                           -        Shade on                                                                      polyester fibre                                                          No. R.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.5 R.sub.6 R.sub.7 R.sub.8 material                    19 COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 CHO NHCOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2        H.sub.5 violet                                                                   20 " " CH.sub.3 H " " "                                                         21 " " NHCOOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OC.sub.2                                          H.sub.5 H " " "                   22 " " NHCOCH.sub.3 H " " "                   23 " " " H C.sub.3 H.sub.7 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                    CH.sub.3 "                  24 " " CH.sub.3 OCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2        CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                              OH reddish-blue                       25 " " NHCOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2             OCH.sub.3 H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                              H.sub.5 "                             26 " " NHCOCH.sub.3 OCH.sub.3            CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCOCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCOCH.sub.3 navy-blue               27 " " " OC.sub.2                                                            H.sub.5 " " "                                       28 " " " OCH.sub.2         CH.sub.2                                                                         OCH.sub.3 " " "                                                  29 " "        " OCH.sub.3 H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3 "                         30 " " " H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                      H.sub.5 blue                  31 " " NHCOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 H " " "                       32 " " NHCOOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OC.sub.2                                   H.sub.5 H " " reddish-blue                                                      33 " " H H " CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OC.sub.6                                         H.sub.5 "                        34 " CHCHNO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 H " C.sub.2        H.sub.5 blue                                                                    35 COOC.sub.2                                                                    H.sub.5                                                                        ##STR24##                                                                        CH.sub.3 H n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                  OH blue                                                                                                                       36 "                              ##STR25##                                                                       NHCOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 greenish-blue                                                                                 37         " " H H " " blue                                                                38 "                                                                             ##STR26##                                                                       CH.sub.3 H " " greenish-blue                                                   39 " " NHCOC.sub.2                                                               H.sub.5 H " " "                                        40 COOCH.sub.3          CHO CH.sub.3 H " " bluish-violet                                                 41 " " NHCOC.sub.2                                                              H.sub.5 " " " "                                       42 " O.sub.2             NHCCH " H " " blue                                                              43 COOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                          OCH.sub.3                                                                      ##STR27##                                                                        " H " " greenish-blue                                                          44 CN CHO CH.sub.3 H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                     H.sub.5 blue                 45 " " " H n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 n-C.sub.3            H.sub.7 "                                                                        46 " " " H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 n-C.sub.4                                            H.sub.9 "                           47 " " H H " n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13 "             48 " " NHCOOC.sub.2 H.sub.4 OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 H " C.sub.2 H.sub.5 "               49 " " NHCOCH.sub.3 H " C.sub.3                                              H.sub.7 "                             50 " " " H n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7             n-C.sub.3                                                                        H.sub.7 "                                                       51 " "         NHCOC.sub.2                                                                      H.sub.5 H " " "                                               52 " " "         H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                                        H.sub.5 "                                       53 " " NHCOCH.sub.2            CH.sub.2                                                                         Cl H " " "                                                       54 "          CHO NHCOC.sub.2 H.sub.4                                                          OCH.sub.3 H " " "                                 55 " " NHCOC.sub.2           H.sub.4 COOC.sub.2                                                               H.sub.5 H " " "                                        56 " " NHCOCH.sub       .2                                                                               COOCH.sub.3 H " " "                                                            57 " " NHCOCHCH.sub.2 H " " "                                                    58 " " NHCOCH.sub.3 OCH.sub.3 " " greenish-blue                                 59 " " " " CH.sub.2                                                             CHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2CHCH.sub.2 "                      60 " " " OC.sub.2         H.sub.5 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                                  H.sub.5 "                                 61 " " " " CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2         OCOCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                    OCOCH.sub.3 "                               62 " CN CH.sub.3 H C.sub.2         H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                                                  H.sub.5 blue                                              63 CN CN             CH.sub.3 H n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 n-C.sub.3                                           H.sub.7 blue                       64 " " " H n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                n-C.sub.4                                                                        H.sub.9 "                                                       65 " "         " H C.sub.2                                                                      H.sub.5 " "                                                   66 " " "         H " C.sub.3 H.sub.6 OC.sub.6                                                     H.sub.5 "                                    67 " CHO " H " " "                         68 " " " OCH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.4 COO(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3        H "                                                                              69 " CN NHCOCH.sub.3 " C.sub.2 H.sub.4 COOC.sub.2                               H.sub.5 H greenish-blue                                                         70 " " " H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                              H.sub.5 blue                          71 " " NHCOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 H             n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 n-C.sub.3                                                      H.sub.7 "                                     72 " " NHCOCH.sub.3              OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2 H.sub.4                                                 COOCH.sub.3 H "                          73 " " NHCOC.sub.2 H.sub.5            OCH.sub.3 CH(CH.sub.3)C.sub.2                                                    H.sub.5 H "                                 74 " " NHCOCH.sub.3 "              C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                                          H.sub.5 greenish-blue                             75 " " NHCOCH.sub.3 " C      H.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                      CHCH.sub.2 "                                  76 " " " OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 C      .sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                                           H.sub.5 "                                          77 " " " " CH.sub.2         CH.sub.2 OCOCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                           OCOCH.sub.3 "                      78 " CHO OCH.sub.3 " C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C      H.sub.2                                                                          CHCHCl "                                                          79 "         " OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 " C.sub.2 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2                                    CHCH.sub.2 "                80 " " " " CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCOCH.sub.3 H         "                                                                                81 " " " " CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOCH.sub.2 COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 H "                         82 " " " " CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOCH.sub.2                                CHCHCl H "              83 " " " " CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2        CH.sub.2                                                                         OCH.sub.3 "                                                      84 CN         CHO NHCOCH.sub.3 OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2   C      CHH.sub.2 greenish-blue                                                          85 " CN " " " " "                                                               86 " " " " CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                    CN " "                                      87 " CHO " " " " "                  88 " " " " CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                    COOCH.sub.3 " "                             89 " Z.sub.1 * CH.sub.3 H          C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                                          H.sub.5 "                                         90 " " " H " CH.sub.2        CH.sub.2                                                                         OCOCH.sub.3 "                                                    91 "          Z.sub.2                                                                          ** " H " " "                                                      92 "         " " H " C.sub.2                                                                  H.sub.5 "                                                 93 " "               NHCOCH.sub.3 H " " "                                                             ##STR28##                                                                       ##STR29##                                                                                                                                               9      4 CN CHO NHCOCH.sub.3 OCH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.4 CN C.sub.2 H.sub.5              greenish-blue                                                                    95 " " " " C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.4                OCH.sub.2                                                                        CHCH.sub.2 "                                                    96 " "         " " n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 n-C.sub.4                                                  H.sub.9 "                                 97 " " " OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 "          C.sub.2                                                                          H.sub.5 "                                                         98 "         " " " n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 n-C.sub.3                                                H.sub.7 "                               99 " " " OC.sub.2 H.sub.4              OCH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.4                              OCH.sub.3 "           100 " " " " C.sub.2 H.sub.4 COOCH.sub.3 H "                     101 " " NHCOC.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCH.sub.3 OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2           H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                                                  H.sub.5 "                                                 102 " "              NHCOCH.sub.3 " C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCOCH.sub.3 "             103 " " NHCOOCH.sub.3 " C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                               H.sub.5 "              104 " " NHCOOC.sub.2 H.sub.4 OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 "         C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                                          H.sub.5 "                                         105 " " NHCOCH.sub.3         " C.sub.2 H.sub.4 COOC.sub.2                                                     H.sub.5 H "                                  106 " " NHCOCH.sub.3 "            C.sub.2 H.sub.4 COOCH.sub.2                                                      CHCH.sub.2 H "                                107 " " " OCH.sub.3              C.sub.2 H.sub.4 COOCH.sub.2                                                      C(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 H "                       108 " " " " C.sub.2              H.sub.4 COOCH.sub.2                                                              COOCH.sub.3 H "                                       109 " CN " " " H         "                                                                                110 CN CHO NHCOCH.sub.3 OCH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9            greenish-blue                                                                    111 " CN " " " " "                                                              112 " CHO " H C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCH.sub.3 C.sub.2                                 H.sub.5 blue             113 " " " H " C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCH.sub.3 "                   114 " " " H (CH.sub.2).sub.3 OC.sub.6 H.sub.5 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 "               115 " " " H (CH.sub.2).sub.3 COOC.sub.2                                      H.sub.5 " "                   116 " " " H (CH.sub.2).sub.4 OCOCH.sub.3         " "                                                                              117 " " " H " (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                  OCOCH.sub.3 "                             118 " " H H C.sub.2 H.sub.4          OC.sub.6 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                                                         H.sub.5 "                                        119 " " CH.sub.3 H            C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCH.sub.2 C.sub.6                                                H.sub.5 " "                             120 " " " H (CH.sub.2).sub.3           COOC.sub.2                                                                       H.sub.5 " "                                                    121 " "         " H (CH.sub.2).sub.3 OC.sub.6 H.sub.4                                            -4-CH.sub.3 " "                     122 " " " H CH.sub.2 CHOHC.sub.2           H.sub.5 " "                                                                      123 " " " H CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2                                               Cl " "                                 124 " " " H CH.sub.2                     CHOHCH.sub.2                                                                    OCOCH.sub.3 " "                                             125 CN CHO         CH.sub.3 OCH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCOCH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.4                   OCOCH.sub.3 blue                                                                126 " " " " CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 OC.sub.6                                      H.sub.5 CH.sub.3 "            127 " " " " C.sub.2 H.sub.4 COOCH.sub.2   C      CHHCl H "                                                                        128 " " " " C.sub.2 H.sub.4 COOCH.sub.2 C.sub.6                                 H.sub.5 H "              129 " " " " (CH.sub.2).sub.3 OC.sub.6 H.sub.5         H "                                                                              130 " " OCH.sub.3 " CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                CHCH.sub.2 "            131 " " " " CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5        "                                                                                132 " " CH.sub.3 H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2).sub.3                          CN " reddish-blue                                                               133 " " CH.sub.3 H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCOCH.sub.3 " "           134 " " " H " CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCOCH.sub.3 "                       135 " " " H CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 C.sub.2          H.sub.5 "                                                                        136 " " " H CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 OC.sub.6                                      H.sub.5 " "                   137 " " " H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2          CH.sub.2                                                                         OCOCH.sub.3 " "                                                  138 "         " " H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                 CN " "                                   139 " " " H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2         CH.sub.2 C.sub.6                                                                 H.sub.5 CH.sub.3 "                                       140 CN CHO            CH.sub.3 H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2               CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOC.sub.2                                                     H.sub.5 reddish-blue                         141 " " NHCOCH.sub.3              OCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2                           H.sub.5 greenish-blue                                                           142 " " " " " CH.sub.2                                                          CHCHCl "                                          143 " " NHCOC.sub.6          H.sub.5 H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3 "                   144 " " NHCOCHCH.sub.2 H C.sub.3 H.sub.7 n n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 "                 145 " " NHCOCH.sub.2 OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 C.sub.2            H.sub.5 "                                                                        146 " " NHCOCH.sub.2                                                            OCH.sub.3 H " " "                                   147 " " NHCOCH.sub.3        OCH.sub.3 " CH.sub.2                                                            CHCHCl "                                            148 " " " OC.sub.2         H.sub.5 " CH.sub.2                                                               CHCH.sub.2 "                                                             

EXAMPLES 149 To 158

Compounds of the formula ##STR30## in which K is defined in Table 3 below can be prepared by a method analogous to that of Example 18 from suitable reactants.

                  TABLE 3                                                          ______________________________________                                         Ex.                                                                            No.  K                         Shade                                           ______________________________________                                         149                                                                                  ##STR31##                greenish- blue                                  150                                                                                  ##STR32##                greenish- blue                                  151                                                                                  ##STR33##                greenish- blue                                  152                                                                                  ##STR34##                greenish- blue                                  153                                                                                  ##STR35##                greenish- blue                                  154                                                                                  ##STR36##                greenish- blue                                  155                                                                                  ##STR37##                greenish- blue                                  156                                                                                  ##STR38##                blue                                            157                                                                                  ##STR39##                blue                                            158                                                                                  ##STR40##                blue                                            ______________________________________                                    

Application Example

a) Production of a dyeing preparation

10 g of the dyestuff of Example 18a, 9.3 g of sodium lignin sulphonate and 25 ml of demineralised water are stirred in a 150 ml beaker with a two plate stirrer at 150-200 revs. per minute. If a homogeneous paste results the rate of stirring is increased to a maximum of 1500-2000 revs. per minute whilst 156 g (=85 ml) of siliquarzite pearls (31-5/31- 7 1:1) are added until a viscous grindable surface layer results. The material is slowly ground whilst cooling in a continuous flowing water bath until a fluid sample no longer produces a ring on filter paper. The stirring is then reduced 500 revs. per minute and the mass is reacted with a solution of 9.3 g of sodium lignin sulphonate and 20 ml of demineralized water as a result of which the mass becomes slightly fluid. The mass is mixed well for 10 minutes, filtered through a glass filter flask G2 and rinsed with 300 ml of demineralised water.

The dispersion has a pH of 9.0-9.5 and is brought to pH of 6.5 by the addition of a 10% phosphoric acid solution.

Finally the dispersion is dried and then finely pulverized in a mill.

Instead of a dyestuff of Example 18a any one of the dyestuffs of Examples 16 to 155 may be used in an appropriate amount.

b) Dyeing

5 Parts of a precleaned polyester web are immersed in a high temperature dyeing bath in 100 parts of a dyebath heated to 70°, the 100 parts of dyebath comprising 0.05 of the above-mentioned dyeing preparation of the dyestuff of Example 18a and 2 parts ammonium sulphate, the balance being water and the bath is brought to pH 5 by the addition of formic acid. The dyeing apparatus is then closed and heated over 20 minutes to 130° and then maintained at this temperature for a further 60 minutes. After cooling the polyester web is removed from the dyebath, rinsed, soaped, rinsed again and dried. A level deep blue dyeing results with good fastness properties. The remaining dyebath is practically colourless.

Instead of the dyeing preparations of the dyestuff of Example 18a the dyeing preparations of a dyestuff of any one of Examples 16 to 155 may be used. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A compound of the formula ##STR41## wherein R is halo,R₁ is cyano; (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl; (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl; C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl; phenylsulfonyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl; benzoyl; carbamoyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl; N,N-di-(C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl; phenylcarbamoyl; benzyloxycarbonyl; or (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkyl)-carbamoyl substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano and acyl, and R₂ is formyl, cyano, --CH═C(R₄)₂ or --CH═N--OH, wherein(1) each R₄ is independently cyano; (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl; (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl; (C₃₋₆ alkynyl)oxycarbonyl; or (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl or (C₃₋₆ alkynyl)oxycarbonyl substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano and acyl, (2) one R₄ is cyano and the other is benzoyl or benzoyl monosubstituted by (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, carbamoyl, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl, phenylcarbamoyl or (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano and acyl, (3) one R₄ is hydrogen and the other is benzoyl; benzoyl monosubstituted by (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)carbonyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, nitro or (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)carbonyl substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano and acyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl or (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)carbonyl or (4) one R₄ is nitro and the other is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,wherein each halo is independently chloro or bromo.
 2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein(R₁ is cyano; (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl; (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl; C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl; phenylsulfonyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl; benzoyl; carbamoyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl; N,N-di-(C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl; phenylcarbamoyl; benzyloxycarbonyl; or (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkyl-carbamoyl monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, and R₂ is formyl, cyano, --CH═C(R₄)₂ or --CH═N--OH, wherein(1) each R₄ is independently cyano; (C₁₋₆ alkoxy )carbonyl; (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl; (C₃₋₆ alkynyl)oxycarbonyl; or (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl or (C₃₋₆ alkynyl)-oxycarbonyl monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, (2) one R₄ is cyano and the other is benzoyl or benzoyl monosubstituted by (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, carbamoyl, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl, phenylcarbamoyl or (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, (3) one R₄ is hydrogen and the other is benzoyl; benzoyl monosubstituted by (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)carbonyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, nitro or (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)carbonyl monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl or (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)carbonyl or (4) one R₄ is nitro and the other is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
 3. A compound according to claim 2 whereinR₁ is cyano, (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)-carbonyl, benzoyl, carbamoyl, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl, N,N-di-(C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl, phenylcarbamoyl or benzyloxycarbonyl, and R₂ is formyl, cyano, --CH═C(R₄)₂ or--CH═N--OH, wherein(1) each R₄ is independently cyano, (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl or (C₃₋₆ alkynyl)oxycarbonyl, (2) one R₄ is cyano and the other is benzoyl or benzoyl monosubstituted by (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, carbamoyl, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl or phenylcarbamoyl, (3) one R₄ is hydrogen and the other is benzoyl; benzoyl monosubstituted by (C₁₋₂ alkoxy)carbonyl, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl or nitro; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl or (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)carbonyl or (4) one R₄ is nitro and the other is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
 4. A compound according to claim 2 having the formula ##STR42## wherein R₁ ' is cyano, (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₄ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl, (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)(C₂₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl or phenylsulfonyl, andR₂ ' is formyl, cyano or --CH═C(R₄ ')₂, whereineach R₄ ' is independently cyano (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl or 2-(C₁₋₄ alkoxy)ethoxycarbonyl or one R₄ ' is nitro and the other is hydrogen.
 5. The compound according to claim 4 whereinR₁ ' is cyano, and R₂ ' is formyl.
 6. The compound according to claim 4 whereinR₁ ' is ethoxycarbonyl, and R₂ ' is formyl.
 7. The compound according to claim 4 whereinR₁ ' is methoxycarbonyl, and R₂ ' is formyl.
 8. The compound according to claim 4 whereinR₁ ' is 2-methoxyethoxycarbonyl, and R₂ ' is formyl.
 9. The compound according to claim 4 whereinR₁ ' is benzyloxycarbonyl, and R₂ ' is formyl.
 10. The compound according to claim 4 whereinR₁ ' is phenylsulfonyl and R₂ ' is formyl.
 11. The compound according to claim 4 whereinR₁ ' is cyano, and R₂ ' is cyano.
 12. The compound according to claim 4 whereinR₁ ' is ethoxycarbonyl, and R₂ ' is cyano.
 13. A compound according to claim 4 whereinR₁ ' is cyano, and R₂ ' is ##STR43## wherein R₄ " is ethoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, 2-methoxyethoxycarbonyl or 2-methylprop-2-enyloxycarbonyl.
 14. A process for synthesizing a compound of the formula ##STR44## comprising (i) reacting a compound of the formula ##STR45## with a Vilsmeier reagent to synthesize a compound of the formula ##STR46## (ii) hydrolyzing the obtained compound of the formula ##STR47## with acid or base to synthesize the compound of the formula ##STR48## wherein R is chloro or bromo,R₁ is cyano; (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl; (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl; C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl; phenylsulfonyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl; benzoyl; carbamoyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl; N,N-di-(C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl; phenylcarbamoyl; benzyloxycarbonyl; or (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl substituted by one or two substituents independently selected from chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano and acyl, and R₁₀ is a primary imino group, formamido or (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonylamino.
 15. A process according to claim 14 whereinR₁ is cyano; (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl; (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl; C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl; phenylsulfonyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl; benzoyl; carbamoyl; (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl; N,N-di-(C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl; phenylcarbamoyl; benzyloxycarbonyl; or (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl monosubstituted by chloro, bromo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl or (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, and R₁₀ is --N═CH--N(CH₃)₂, formamido or (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonylamino.
 16. A process according to claim 15 wherein the Vilsmeier reagent is the reaction product of phosphorus oxychloride and dimethylformamide.
 17. A process according to claim 16 whereinR is chloro, R₁ is cyano, (C₁₋₆ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₆ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonyl, benzoyl, carbamoyl, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl, N,N-di-(C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbamoyl, phenylcarbamoyl or benzyloxycarbonyl, and R₁₀ is --N═CH--N(CH₃)₂.
 18. A process according to claim 16 whereinR is chloro, R₁ is cyano, (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, (C₃₋₄ alkenyl)oxycarbonyl, (C₁₋₄ alkoxy)(C₂₋₄ alkoxy)carbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl or phenylsulfonyl, and R₁₀ is --N═CH--N(CH₃)₂.
 19. A process according to claim 18 wherein R₁ is ethoxycarbonyl.
 20. A process according to claim 18 wherein R₁ is cyano. 